Cloaking is a black hat SEO technique in which a website presents different content or URLs to search engines than it does to users. The goal of cloaking is to trick search engines into ranking a page higher in search results than it deserves, based on the quality or relevance of its content.
Cloaking is done by using a variety of techniques, including IP delivery, browser type detection, and redirection, to serve different content or URLs to search engines than to users. In some cases, the content served to search engines may be filled with keywords or irrelevant information, while the content served to users may be entirely different or contain misleading or malicious information.
Cloaking is against the guidelines set by most major search engines, including Google, and can result in a website being penalized or banned from search engine results. Good SEO practices focus on creating high-quality, relevant, and keyword-optimized content that provides value to users, rather than trying to trick search engines into ranking a page higher than it deserves.